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THE BEACH REVIEW
Q
North China Moves for "Autonomy"
This scene at Tientsin.in 1932 Is being re-enacted as Japanese troops are being massed in North China, where it
|e expected they wiU be used to enforce the declaration of "autonomous', governments In five provinces. Armored
trains, such as the one shown at left above, have carried the troops inland. In the Insets are Gen. He Ying-chin
(left), forced to vacate Peiping, and Gen. Chlang Kal-shek, the Chinese dictator.
By WILLIAM C. UTLEY
TWENTY-FIYE counties of the
province o{ .Hopel, in North
Crnlna, on November 25 declared
t~emselves divorced from the
central C~lnese government at Nan-
klnf, and set up an autonomous, or
independent, government under the
leadership of Yln Ju-keng, commission.
~' of the demilitarized zone. The 25
e(mnties aggregate approximately 8,600
~luare miles and are inhabited by 5,-
IX}0.000 people.
The Yln Ju-keng government, it Is
believed, will prove to be the first
effective culmination of an "autonomy"
movement that may gather under Its
wing the five provinces of North China,
Immely Hopel, Cbahar, Sulyan. Shanad
and Shantung. Such autonomy for
these provlbces would mean the ecru-
plots failure of the Chlang Kal-shek
dictatorship north of the Yellow river.
l~ore than that, It would probably
mean the spread of the rapidly ex-
Imnding Japanese empire farther Into
the Asiatic continent until Japanese
control on the continent would be ex.
tended over an area approximating
itself In size. Nm'th C~lna would
~e'llttle more than anotiler Man-
ehukuo.
To the average observer and tor-
ridity to the Nanking government She
"*sutonomy" movement Is purely a Jap-
project. Yln Ju-keng Is tapped for
• le willingness to "co-operate" wlth
Japanese 'military leaders. HIs wife
a Japanese.
a~tpaneae army offieLals have been
J~eported to have been fostering the
a~utonomy movement secretly for many
months. Only In the past few weeks
~aJ.-Gen. KenJl Doihara. of the JaP-
amme army Intelligence eorl~ and
famed as the "empire builder" of the
~aad of therlslng sun" has arrived on
• (imYscene and has openly worked for
/be s~esalon and autonomy of the five
Provinces. It is certain that he will
mot be satlMled with a victory only
taa few counties of one province. And
the Japanese army has backed him up
to the extent of warning Gem Chlang
EaLahek not to l~terfere.
Quirlc~ of Japanese Politics.
It is, of course, true that Tokyo has
hl~4ed that Dolhara ts overstepping
h~ authority, and that Japanese troops
hwre been mobilized lately In these
Pxq~vlnces only to protect communion-
maintain order in the face of
outbreaks or communistic
However. it Is customary
military faction In Japanese
poHUcs to as~mme the aggressive, with
~-rnther mtld objections of the civil-
~t~.~government as Something of a bluff
t~/i~!q~pease the injury felt by foreign
z~tt~S who have lnte~sts In areas
where the" Japanese empire is ex-
PandFng.
It Is ~nown that in Peiping and Tlen-
tMn autonomy demonstrations have
Ibsen instigated by the Japanese. One
05 the most spectacular demonstrations
waxr In the latter city, and was staged
members~ of the famed Chinese
• qJare-to.Dlen army, many of them
wearing new uniforms closely resem-
Ifltng t]~ose of the Japanese army. They
]e~ thor uniforms In their headquar-
tet~-in a lecture hall afterwards--for
the ~apanose soldiers to collect. On
occasions handbills exhorting the pop-
ulaee to revolt In favor of an auton-
omolN government have floated to e~rth
trader the roar of airplanes--Which
vollId only have been Japanese. Jap-
Imeoe soldiers have constantly moved
|M~d, even through the Great Wall of
C~ to make sure that no railroad
will be allowed to pass to the
might be loaded with
Nanking governmen~ and
and
from them panages which
as
of
omous movement Ia a natural one en-
tirely founded and furthered by the
Chinese In the provinces Involved.
They point out that the Nanking rule
drains these already poverty-stricken
people by excessive taxes, and at the
same time gives them little or no bene-
fl~t. But the Chinese people In the ter-
ritory literally do not know what It Is
all about. They are confused, bewil-
dered. Like Chinese everywhere, they
have no Interest In polltlca oThat. In-
deed. has been the chief stumbling
block in the path of Gen Ohtang-Kai-
shek's attempt to unify China under
one government. To the educated Chl-
rome. an "autonomy" movement Is a
:Joke.
Yet Nanking's hands are tied. Whl|e
there are not enough Japanese troops
In North China today to enforce the
rule of Japan's army chiefs, Nanking
knows that troops could--and would--
be speedily dispatched from Cores or
Japan Itself to meet say emergencies.
Accordingly, at a nod from Japanese
officials In Tientsin or Peiping. Ohlneae
officials comply. Two outstand4ng ex-
amplU ~. thin were tim t~etN~nt retire-
ment of the mayor of Pelplng, known
to oppose the:~mtmmmy mevement~ and
the return of Chinese Minister of War
He Ylng-ehln from Peiping to Nan.
king, beth at the suggestion of Japa.
nose offielai~
Tokyo l~orss Protests.
Nanking's protests to Tokyo are Ig-
nored because of Japan's ln~iztenee
that the autonomy movement Is strictly
of Chinese origin. Yet it le known that
in all of these autonomous govern-
men~ planned, the administrations
will have to be decidedly pro-Japanzese
That the government of YIn Ju-keng
In Hopel Is to be the model for other
pro-Japaneee autonomies to come Is
apparent from his declaration:
"From today the demilitarized zone
will be separated from t~e central
government and will institute and
carry out an autonomous regime as the
first voice of a federation of provinces
with a view toward maintaining peace
In eastern Asia.
" "We, the undersigned, hope that the
people, the public organs and the mili-
tary and political leaders of the vatS.
pus provinces will rise up wtth us to
suppress the criminals and arch-ene-
mies of the nation, to draft a consti-
tution, and choose wise and able men
for the administration of the country."
Thiz is directly In line with the pro-
gram dealred for the five North China
provinces by Dolhara, the "empire
builder." And only a few days after
the proclamation. Gun. Sung Cheh-
yuan, commissioner of the Chinese gar.
rizon at Peiping-Tientsin, upon whom
Doihara Is known to have exer:ed ex-
treme pressure, circulated a telegram
proclaiming the intention of Hopel and
Chahar provinces to form an autono-
mous state.
What Japan Want~
What does all this "autonomy" busl.
ness mean for Japan. for North China
and for the rest of the world? For
Japan tt means political economic and
Industrial control of another great
slice of territory that once belonged
to China. There Is much cotton In
Hopel and opportunity for planting
more. to take the place of the cotton
that Japan must now Import from the
United States and from India. There Is
iron ore and coal. vastly Important In
building the naval parityt which Japan
Is demanding from Great Britain and
the United States. although not enough
Iron and coal. according to research
scientists, to warrant the expense and
the responsibility of complete Japanese
conquest and government of North
China.
Such a complete lubJectlou would
undoubtedly be ruinous to Japan, al.
financially burdened as she Is.
other powers would be far more seri.
ously hurt commercially by the estab-
lishment of a "Manchukuo of North
China" than they were by the estab.
llshment of the present Manchuktmn
rule itself, for their commercial inter-
eats in North China are much greater.
As a result, Secretary of State Hull
and Sir Samuel Heave. British minis-
ter of foreign affairs, simultaneously
demanded Japanese explanation o[
apparent violations of the Nine.Power
treaty which guarantees the territorial
integrity of China. This treaty, signed
by the nine leading powers of the
world, with the exception of Russia, at
the Washington conference of 1922,
was formed as the organic Interns.
tlonal law to apply to all future con-
troversies In the Far East. All of the
signs~ories are bound to respect not
only the sovereignty and territorial
integrity of China. but the admluistra.
tive integrity as well. Secretary Hull
claims that this prevision Is directly
Involved at the present time because
"an effort Is being made to bring about
a sebetantlal change In the political
status and condition of several of
Oblua's northern provlnce~"
OCher provhdo~s**of Yne.treaty bind
the signatories not to support any
agreements designed to create "spheres
of Influence" for their nationals. And
still another requires them not to seek
"any arrangement which might pur-
port to ests, bllsh In favor of their In-
teresa any general superiority of
rights with respect to commercial or
economic development of any doslg.
sated region of China.~
Claim Treaty Was Misnomer.
Japan's claim Is that such a thing as
the territorial and administrative In-
tegrity of China never existed.
Political economists believe that the
best any central Chlm~.se government
will ever do Is administer a part of
China. Much of what Is known ae
China is poorer than even the heavily
populated cities, even though Its popu-
lation in comparatively sperze~ In five
of the northwestern provinces, which
make up 29 per cent of the total area,
there Is only 5 per cent of the popula-
tion. and because of the poor quality
of the land this population is difficult
to support.
Also, much of China Is ton backward
to be governed well. For Instance.
t,bere Is the province of Szechuen : tt
has 50.000,000 inhabitants and not a
single mile of railroad!
The Oommunlst threat Is always
present, the Communist army In C~lna
having been estimated at 100.000. But
the Communists have virtually pas~d
as a political party to be reckoned
with aa they were before the down.
fall of their leader. Borodin. in ~927,
when Gem Chlang Kal.shek's Kuomin.
tang party became the ruling power.
Since Baron Pompee Aloisl of Italy
pointed out to the League of Natlons
council at Geneva the inconsistency of
applying sanctions to Italy In the Ethl.
oplan Incident and not applying them
to Japan In the North China and In-
deed the Manchuria Incidents. many a
parallel has been drawn between the
two. There are technical d[fferenee~
that destroy the parallel, however.
Nippon Is Subtle.
For (me thing Japan has been a much
more subtle aggressor against China
than Italy has against Ethiopia. Japan
has effected the submission of Chinese'
army leaders before invading, not
after.
Another difference Is that C~lns has
not appealed to the league yet.whereas
Halle Selasste's appeals were loud,
long and unmistakable.
Meanwhile, the course of the Jap-
anese empire becomes clearer and
clearer. Pescadores and Formosa In
1895; Port Arthur In 1904; Ksr~fnto
In 1905: Cores in 19r0: mandates over
the Pacific islands north of the equator
puppet at,qte of Manehu-
L~ Jeh~l
added to It In |933
that the autos-
what ,"/" Lb "
about.
Our ancestors, the men and
women who whittled this coun- ~ ....
they were different, although per- 0
haps difficult to get along with
They'd fight you over almost any ~~O q~t~it
lssue--thelr personal rights, their pub.
lie wrongs, their national principles, their private preju-
dices, their o u t e !
boundaries, their in.
ternal policies. They
fought one another;
they fought foreign
powers. But, excusing
politicians and profes.
slonai whlncrs, the~
didn't do such an aw.
ful lot of fretting ovex
the painfully primltlve
conditions of a pip.
Imtin 8. Cobb. neerlng life. We, theiz
children, wl th to c
many laws we won't enforce, too man~
criminals we won't punish, too man~
unjust taxes we won't rebel against--
we complaln about everything. It's a~
though a race of eagles bred a brce~
of worms that turn only to turn th~
other cheek. I guess we're gettln~
peevishly flabby.
I woke up this morning feeling a.,
fiabb#- as a cold flapjack, and I don'l
know when I've been peevtsher. So l
sat down and wrote this.
N.B.~And never mind telling me
that a worm hasn't any cheek. I know
that as well as yon do.
Van Sweringen's Passing.
GRANTED, that in these shifting
times there Is a somewhat prev-
alent tendency to regard It this wayi
and be governed accordingly: for e J
man to have been a success Is a crime,
but to have been a failure is a pro-
fession.
Even so, there's still a thrill, reading
of the career of M. J. Van Swerlngen.
Horatio Alger might have written
He starts life as a newsboy In Cleve-
land. Today, at fifty-four, he lies dead
there~
Ho~ many millions he left, nobody ar~ounts cannot be revealed until Ga.
New York l~ost~WNU 8ervlOo.
Wake Up, Authors[
Not Morons Alone -
Follow Baseball
LATELY, while attempting to collect
some specimens of sports literature
for a publishing house, I have been re-
minded of a curious fact. It is that,
In a country which is so Intent upon
championships and In which the amount
ef money expended all down the line
from archery to yachting makes sports
one of the leading billion.dollar Indus-
tries, so few lines of real value or per.
manence have been written upon such
subjects.
I make this statement with due hesi-
tation and sadness. While hog a fre-
quenter of the Athenian groves, I have
noted that the gentlemen who flirt
about the fringes of lovely'letters re-
cently have been discovering a vast
amount of good in the sports pages.
So it may be that I will be posted as
one who deliberately engaged in knock-
Ing the racket which brought him a
considerable measure of entertainment
and some scant portion of profit. Nev-
ertheless, even at the dire risk of eon-
tinued disbarment from the exclusive
gatherings of the New York Chapter
of Baseball Writers, I make it.
Indeed it is possible that baseball
may serve as the best means of reveal.
lug certain of the findings. This now
somewhat precarious business which
once was known ss the Great National
Game hal been In existence for almost
100 years. Only the bookkeeper, whose
knows. Probably he didn't much care.
It must have bean the sport and not
the slze of the game-bag that made
him a dominant figure in railroading
and finance.
That's one side of the American pic-
ture. The other" side is that almost
every one of us knows, or has heard,
of a former reputed millionaire who'd
like to get a good Job somewhere sell.
lng newspapers.
Tlso Source of an 14....
IKA.N aermm It the other day--this
~lent one.
Shipwrecked mariners In crisis. Sea
riglng, life raft sinking beneath them,
ne rescue craft in sight. Situation
amem~ to call for professions of faith.
But nobody can quote from the Scrip-
tutus, nobody can sing a hymn, nobody
even knows a prayer. Desperately, the
mate speaks up: "Men, we gotta do
somethln' pious--let's pass the haL"
briel outtoots Rudy Valise, knows how
many billions of worda have been writ.
ton concerning It during that time.
Yet, how many of those words does
#~ven the most ardent fan remember
~md how many of them repose within
proper bindings upon the shelves of
even the more broad-minded public li-
braries? The answer/s: pitifully few.
Aside from the paper.backed pare.
phlete revealing how to hit or how to
play eecond ban (and ihcidentally,
IUCh things cannot be taught by text.
bee4c rote)in examinalk~n~ ef the an,
tire production learns to Indi~lte that
the pesmms of the nation might have
ceased thoir inbor~ years ago ao far
as any onduring eervice to tha literate
sPOrte public was concerned•
Glance at the files of public libraries
In Manhattan, Brooklyn and Philadel-
phia, as I did during
the past month.
sum of the titles
I read that antique wheeze and In a are "Babe Ruth's Own
flash the puzsla was solved. Now I Beck of Baseball" with
know where they got the original idea the home-run king's
--those economic wizards In and om name upon the title
of congress, who, In times like these, page but really writ-
bob up with various theories, but all telz by Ford Frick,
aimed at the some purpose; namely, now president of the
shut,financial security can be restored rival league ; similar
not by giving industry a chance to re. treatises banged out
euperate, but by taking away the prevl, by gifted ghosts under
pus fruits of Industry, the bylines of John Babe Ruth.
• . • McGraw, Christy
Hollyw~l'e Newest Grievance. Mathewsen and a few m/aor celebrities,
and little else. All of these literary
~,TOLLYWOOD sentiment Is compositions are In the nature of biog.
• • those alleged polygamists recently raphles and no one of them compares
on trial over at Kingman, In Arizona. with the average second-rate work of
should be penalized for breaking the the sort Issued so freely concerning
rules. You sea, the curious col(my up the life and times ot some fifth-rate
there In the desert favors having a lot congressman from a tenth-rate state.
of wives all at once, whereas the Holly-
wood championship team prefers carl- Constant Fan Interest
pus wives, one at a time, which pro.
vents confusion and works out to the Proves Genie Worthy
same gratify/rig high scores In the ,,,
But no matter how the law may 8o far as the chert story le con.
serve those Arizona husbands, I would cerned~aithough Ring Lardner, Hem-
put In a plea for the female c0.de- ingway, Jack London and several oth.
fendants charged with marrying 'em so ors have done nobly by prize fighting
copiously. For I've Just seen some --! can find no one which contains even
newspaper pictures of the male prison- that dally stint of imagination bywhloh
era. Gentlemen of the Jury, If they be a hard.pressed reporter might conceive
true likenesses, those poor near-sighted 'the rumor that Babe Ruth I$ to pur.
women already have suffered enough, chase the Boston Braves.
Talk about being more sinned against That the material Just may not be
than sinning, there is, of course, a point that is
worthy of consideration and yet I can-
. Thet Banker's Identity.
not esteem such a view very hlghly.
[~ THE President won't name him, For more than elxty years bazeball
£ I shan'L But ril bet anythtng--any, has dug into the thoughts, the hearts,
thing I have left, I mean~that the dis-
the pocketbooks and perhaps even 1:he
flngulshed banker who told him this
country could safely go In debt for souls of many millione of citizen~.
quite a lot more billions is the same One reason why the more competent
financial wizard who counseled me ~tudents, authors and editors have not
about my dainty little Investments In given the subject the attention It de-
the blithe, brew days before 1929. It serves, perhaps, Is because they start
certainly sounds like the same fellow, with the wrong premlze. From the
On second thought, maybe not. Be. heights of their Ivy towers they must
ceuse the last I heard of my banker, necessarily gaze from such a distance
he was sitting by the steam.pipes at as to miss the fine points of the squeeze
a county poor-farm back East, telling play or the screw ball. Naturally also
the other Inmates about an Infallible they must miss the significance of the
system for beating those stock market zest of others for such thlnga.
boys. You see, he was sucker enough 8o, when they touch upon baseball at
to follow hiz own advice. Can you all with their gilded typswritsra, it is
Imagine? with a definite sense of condescension.
laTIN g. COBB. 8UtJ impressed with their own orreno.
@ North Amsldean Newspaper AUiauce. ~ttlt preml~ they 8eem to feel that thay
zue.--W~User~l~ are idd~eeslng an audience of under.
The B/ar~ Tilllr develoi~d children• That, even in a
lUch as this which has been
r4mstantly admonished by i~ bet-
THINGS tho box Icore never told
me:
Six-day bike races, once so popular
in Germany, now are barred there by
orderl of the" great Olympic sports
lover with the little mustache.... The
Giants continue anxious to peddle Carl
Hubbell In spite of the cl;time of vari.
oue baseball experts.... George Woolf
Is the Garbo of the jockeys. He won't
ride a horse unless he thinks it's •
winner and demands top bonuses when.
ever hi8 aervlcss afro ~ought in a stake.
Woolf, who rode Top Row to victory
over Discovery and who booted home
Azucar, the reformed steeplechaser, in
the Santa Anita Handicap, 18 independ-
ently wealthy. So he back-talks all
the millionaire sportsmen who seek his
cervices and makes them like it ....
Dennis McFayden of the Chicago Black
Hawks practices law when not playing
hockey.
Santa Anita Is the only racetrack in
the country which charges its patrons
for parking space. More than $100,000
worth of quarters was collected at the
track by this method last year .... It'S
almost as good a gag as the new one
thought up by John Reed Kilpatrick,
president of Madison Square Garden,
which puts a service charge on com-
plimentary tickets .... This tax, whicl~
runs as hlgh as 40 cents per Anuio
Oakiey, has occasioned a loud ~iuawk:
even though It is set aside for a worth~
cause. It is only a minor peal of rage,
though, compared to the full.throatec~
roar that comes when the eminenC
Colonel sells tickets at cut-rate prlce~
and insists that they are compltmen-
taries subject to the service charge.
What leading football coach 18 find-
Ing that hi8 off-season business enable~
him to make very good connectione
with New Jersey's most. promising
high.school piayere?
Broad deflnltion--"The guy's so un-
popular that even Pete RoSily won'~
stoop to give him t~
hot foot." . . . Whe~
Tom Shaw, the cele-
brated bookmaker, wa~
a robust young man,
he used to wrap coffee
bags on the New Or-
leans docks.... Dick!
Bunsen of the Pitts-
burgh Shamrocks
(they're In the hockey~
minors) is an aviatot~
and operates an air-
Bill Tarry. port In Oil CRy, Pa.I
•.. Al Mamaux hasn't~
endeared hlmself to Bill Terry by say-
ing that the high-priced pitcher, Harry.
Gumbert, won't make the grade in the
majors .... Jimmy Johnston, the box-
ing promoter, has to eat three Christ-
mas dinners each year, one at his
mother's house, one at his own home
and one at the home of hhi children,
Canada Almost Kept
From Olympic Hockey
Mike Zehiznook, Penn Btete's
voted to ooaohlng the ReCkvlow Peal.
fno ., ram`...
In line for Art 8hlrs'e managing Job
st Harrizburg in the N. Y..P~. loop.
• . . Unless Syeaouee lays more doug~
on the line, Vie Hanson wtll Iietlm t~
other football coaching offend.,,. Wal-
ter O'Hara, the former mill owner wh~
runs Narragansett Park and hi alwtl~t
talking big money, Pays his pif~
tuel employeeo $2 a day le~ than the
ecale at other tracim..., The proo v~ry) ,
nearly prevented Canada from blVli~ "
an Olympic ho~key repreaentattvl. ~ /
lured away so many members of ~. .
Halifax Wolverines, Allan Gup wilt-~ ,
ner~ last year, that the tc~m w~
• trong enough, The situation n4w hms
been saved, though, by the aub~titution,
~r the Port Arthur team,
Charley Solean, former Colgate beeko
field from M0ntclalr, N. ~., may sue-
cued Hers McCracken
as Lafayette football
coach because of his
anecese with the fresh
team. IncldentaUy, the
Leopard fresh, unde-
feated but tied once,
are expected to take
over all the regular
lobs next fall ....
Blng Miller's m o s t
prized souvenir does
not come from base.
ball. It is a lO-frane Mike Jacob.,
note sent him as
change for a hill he overpaid durin~
war time .... You still hear faint ru-
mors around racetracks that Phar La~
the Australlan wonder horse, was IX)b/
soned by American improvers of the
breed. . , . Mlke Jacoba'
hurt if friends, wh(
apartment at an
without taking along a dozen or So eg.
)enslve neckties.
At mutuel tracks where they don't
use the automatic totalizator, players
are given phoney flashes. A legitimate
odd~on shot is flashed at 8 to 8, the
suckers fall In and then the nag go4m
off at 3 to 5, losing., more often tha~q
not.... 8yracuee #minentluhnos, they~
include Judge Cra0g, Mayor Marvin
and Gordon Smith, are demanding a
real big league team for "SYracuse'a
biggest industry~Syracuee university."
... Waiter Re/e, captain of the Syr~.
cuss 191S team, could not get hie so.
into his alma mater. Now the lad ia
captain of Cornell'e very hot froalt
eleven .... Chick Meshan panicked the
football expos the
claiming that Princeton has
definite football wo~
mean it," Chiok assured them,
that fourth team's so I
couldn't evbn beat
those trade rumors,
what a coach has t
Iob at Rose ItllL
one game
Purdue eleven.