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On Honeymoon
HONEYMOONING in Arizona are
Movie Starlet Frances Rafferty,
22, above, and Army MaJ. John E
Horton, 25, of Fort Hauchuca,
Ariz. They met when she served
as bridesmaid and he as best man
at Craig Stevens' recent marriage
to Alexis Smith. (.rntetnationai)
FRF.~ INDO-CHINA
Radio Bed!in reports the shift in
France will make little difference
in the Japanese ate, Rude toward
French-Indo-China. The only dif-
ference will be that in future Jap-
aneseIndo-Chinese affairs will be
regulated by Tokyo and Saigon, in-
stead of Tokyo and Vichy."
FAREWELL TO VICHY
The Swiss mission to Vichy has
left "because of Marshal Petain's
statement tha~ he was forced to
leave Vichy and was unable to ex-
ercise his rights as head of the
French state.
To maintain a cow herd of from
90 to I00 cows and calves to wean-
ing time, the average North Dakota
ranch should have at least 2,500
ac~es for grazing to provide both
summer and winter grazing, ac-
cording to NDAC Extension Ser-
vice.
Most of the original goodness of
fresh foods can be preserved in the
frozen, products if proper methods
are used.
1218
12_-20
The soft subtle lines of the flar-
eel peplum treatment put this two-
piece costume right in the van-
guard of high-style models. Make
both blouse and skirt the same col-
or or have ,the skirt of flowered
materials and the blouse of a plain
shade.
Barbara Bell Pattern No. 1218 is
designed for sizes 12, 14, 16, 18 and
20. Size ,14 blouse requires 2~
yards, of 39-inch material; skirt,
2V4 yards.
Plan your fall clothes now! The
new fall and winter pattern book,
• ~'assing in Review" is now ready
---contains 32 pages of the top hits
in clues the boys in uniform ad-
mire_,¢Date'' frocks, street wear,
sportswear, clothes to wear on the
home front---snaPPY school clothes
for juniors and children. Price 15
cdnta
For this patterfn, send 20 cents,
in coins, your name, address, pa~.
tern number and size wanted to
Barbara Bell (N. D. Newspaper
Association), 5~0 South Wel~ St.
C~k~o Z I~
Three Powers Outline
Aims of Peace Plan
Washington,~Remarks by Secre-
tary of State Cordell Hull, Sir A1-t
exander Cadogan, leader of theI
British delegation, and Soviet Am-I
bassador Andrei A. Gromyko, hea~l/
of the Russian group, a~ the open-1
ing of the international security~
conference included the following:]
Secretary Hull:
The series of conversations which
we initiate today marks another
step toward establishing a lasting
system of organized and' peaceful
relations among nations. We meet
at a time when the war is moving
towarct an overwhelming triumph
for the forces of freedom. It is our
L~sk here to help lay the founda-
tions upon which, after victory,
peace, freedom, and a growing
prosperity may be built for genera-
tions to come.
The very character of this war
moves us to search for an enduring
justice anc~ fair dealing for indi-
viduals and for nations. We have
wif~eseed . . . the sweep of forces
of savagery and barbarism of the
kind that civilized men hoped and
believed would} not rise again.
Armed with the weapons of modern
science and technology and with
equally powerful weapons of coer-
cion and deceit, these forces al-
most succeeded' in enslaving man-
kind because the peace-loving na-
tions were disunited. During the
years while these aggressors made
their preparations for attack, the
peaceloving nations lacked both
unit~y and strength because they
lacked a vigilant realization of the
perils which loomed before them.
These forces of evil now face utter
defeat because, at long last, their
intended victims a~tainec~ the unity
mad armed power which are now
bringing victory to us . . .
Action for Common Good
Unity for common action toward
common good and against common
peril is the sole effective method
by which, in ~ime of peace, the na-
tions which love peace can assure
for themselves security an6 order-
ly progress, with fre~lom and~ jus-
tice. In the face of what modern
war memas to the physical and
moral being of man, th~ mainten-
ance of such unity is a roarer of
the highest and most enlightened
self-interest. In the final analysis
it is, first anc~ foremost, a thing of
the spirit.
Peace, like liberty, requires con-
stant devotion a~d ceaseless vigi-
lance. It requires willingness to
take positive steps toward., its pres-
ervation. It requires constant co-
operation among the nations and*
determination to live together as
good neighbors in a world of good
neighbors.
But peace also requires institu-
tions through which the will to
peace can be translated into ac-
tion .... That is why the United,
Nations, in the midst of a relent-
less prosecution of the war, have
been ~vorkir~ together to create
the institutional foundations for a
just and enduring peace.
These foundations must support
arrangements for peaceful settle-
ment of international disputes and
for the joint use of force if neces-
sary, to prevent or suppress therats
to the peace or breaches of the
peace. They must also support ar-
rangements for promoting, by co-
operative effort, the development
of conditions of sLability and well-
being necessary for peaceful and
friendly relations among nations
and essential to the maintenance of
security and peace ....
Progress Already M~de
Substantial progress has already
been achieved, through the food
an@ agriculture conference, the
conference on relief ~nd rehabili-
tation, and the financial and mone-
tary conference.
It cannot be emphasized too
often tha/~ the principle of the sov-
ereign equality of all peace-loving
states, irrespective of size and
strength, as partners in a system
of order under l~w, must constitute
the foundation of any future inter-
national organization for the main-
tenance of peace and security.
In the Moscow Declaration each
government also asumed its share of
responsibiIRy for leadership in
bringing ~bout the creation of an
international organization for this
purpose through join~ action by all
peace.loving nations` . . There must
be agreement among all whereby
each can play its l~rt to the best
mutual advantage and bear respon-
sibility commensurate with its cap-
acity.
It is generally agreed that any
peace and security organization
would surely fail unless backed by
force to be used, ultimately in case
of failure of all other means for
the maintenance of peace, . . The
nations of the world should main-
tain, according to their capacities,
sufficient forces available for joint
action when necesasry to prevent"
breaches of the peace.
Diligent PTelmraUon
For a long time before the Mos-
cow Conference, and especially dur-
ing the months which have lapsed
since that conference, each of our
governments has been making dil-
igent preparations for art effort to
reach the agreement to which I
have just referred.
It is the intention of the Govern-
merit of the United States that after
similar consultations with the Gov.
ernmen of China, the conclusions
reachod will be communicated to
the governments of all the United
Nations and of other peace-loving
nations.
. . . As soon as practicable, these
conclusions will be made avail.
able to the peoples of our eouno
tries an& of all countries.... We
are fully aware that no h,~titutlon
•, . will endure u~em ther~ is be-
hind it considered and complete
papular support ....
No passion runs deeper in the
thoughts of the people of this coun-
try than the belief that all men
should enjoy liberty under law. It
has been our faith from the begin-
ning of our nation, it is our dream
for the future, that every indivi-
dual and every nation should attain
freedom and the security to en-
}oy it. The people of this country
are now united as never before in
their determination that the tragedy
which today is sweeping the earth
shall not recur.
The people oz ail the United' Na-
tions are hoping and praying for
the opportunity to build anew to-
ward, a system of decent and just
relationships among nations. Their
noblest capacities and their high-
est skills have beert diverted from
the creative pursuits of peace to
the grim and, terrible tasks of bat-
tle .... They will not be content
with a precarious peace ....
If is the sacred duty of the gov-
ernments of all pea~..~-loving na-
tion to make sure that internation-
al machinery is fashioned through
which the peoples can build the
peace they so deeply ~esire. The
President is confident, ar, d I share
his view, that this thought will gov-
ern the deliberations which you
are now undertaking.
Sir Alexander Cadogan:
The discussions which open to-]
day arise out of Article 4 of theI
Declaration of Moscow, in the I
framing of which Mr. Hull played]
such a notable and prominent part. i
• . . Of him it may well be said,]
that he embodies in his own!
thought and person the quali~ies
which have been responsible for
the creation arid the development
of the country which he represents.
To the Soviet Government, too,
we all have reason to be grateful
---And it was evident from their
attitude at the time of the Moscow
Conference that the Soviet Gov-
ernment attacbect the highest im-
portance to the establishment of
a system designed to prevent a re-
currence of Nazi anc~ Fascist ag-
gression.
My Governmenf~ for their part,
have from the outset favored such
discussions as these anc~ have done
their best to facilitate them. We
have expresse& our l~rovisional
views in the papers which have
been circulated, and are mos~ hap-
py to find thet in the papers of all
three governments there is such a
large measure of agreement.
There seems, in fact, to be a
general will on the pa~ of what are
at present the three most power-
ful states in the world to achieve
some kind of world organization,
and what is more, to achieve it
SO0~I ....
China to Share Later
Chinese statesmen also have de-
clared their wish to Join in the es-
tablishment of such art organiza-
tion, and I am cohf:dent that the
subsequent discussions with the
Chinese delegation will show that
there is a comunity of aim- . . .
We shall thus, I hope, be able to
achieve agreement on principles
between officials from states com-
prising about half the inhabitants
of the globe, and from states more-
over whose combined power and
determination is now playing so
prominent a part in overthrowing
the sinister forces of evil, which
only a few years ago came near
to dominating all mankind.
The victory of the United, Na-
tions, whenever it comes, must be
complete, the military defeat of the
agressors must be made clear be-
yond all doubt, and most of all to
the German people themselves, and
those responsible for the wanton
outrages t%at have horrified the
civilized world must receive their
just retribution....
In 1919 there was a widespread
feeling in many western countries
that force was m itself an immor-
al thing: now there is a much more
widespread convision that i~ is
only by the victors remaining both
strong and united that peace can
be preserved ....
Individual notions, small and
great, must be the basis of our new
world organization; and our prob-
lem is to contruct a machine which
will give to each of them the re-
[ "'Pardon My Back" I
yELL, no apologies are ne¢~-
sary, specially since Bpver.ly
ross, with Insulux glass D~eu
in the background, is wearl~.
what most women would like to
have--a full-length e~at of diver
fox. She seems pretty Imlq~
about it, toe.
~LB]~N VALLEY NEWS
NEW INVASION WEAPON IN ACT ©? ChGllenge Given Teachers
11t~ 15 THE RR~r IN~UR| to be released of the 41-ton Crocodile, a Church-
ill-type tank that projects a geyser of fire 450 feet and can actually fire
around corners. The tank tows a fuel-carrying armored trailer. It is
one of the secre~ weapons introduced by the British in the invasion of
Normandy, France. British official photo. (International Soundphoto)
sponsibilities commensurate with
its power.
No one wishes ~o impose some
great power ~licta~wrship on ~he
rest of the world; but it is obvious
that unless the great powers are
united in aim and ready to assume
and fulfill loyally their obligations,
no machine for maintaining peace,
however perfectly constructed, will
in practice work. On the other
hanc~ even Hitler has surely learn-
ed by now, what we have ourselv-
es long known, that it is not by
riding roughshod over the smaller
powers that the vitel interzsts of
the larger can in the long run best
be protected ....
CINe Definitions Oppose~
We should not attempt too close-
ly tO define what is perhaps un-
definable ....
We might do well, therefore, to
concentrate on certain guiding
principles and on certain basic re-
stitutions, rather then on a set of
detailed regulations, which, how-
ever Ingeniously drafted, will pro-
bably have to be revised in the
light of subsequent experience.
No world system can endure un.
less it permits of growth and unless
it tends to promote the well-being
of humanity as a whole. Hence,
however, we may fit the various
nonpolitical world organizations in-
to our general system.
If there is acute political insta-
bility, no economic or social organ-
iaztions will function successfully,
and on the other hand, lea us never
forget tha~ acute discom~o~ in the
economic and social field will con-
stantly hamper the smooth" oper-
tion of the best political plans. In
other words freedom from fear and
freedom from want mus~, so far
as human agency can contrive it,
move forward simultaneously.
Talks Exploratory
The working party from the Un-
ited Kingdom is recruited from the
humble official level. From that it
follows that, so far as we are con-
corned, the talks are necessarily
exploratory an@ nor~committal....
Peace may come sooner lhan
some expect. It would, be folly to
delay the construction of at least
some framework of future inter-
national co-operation until the
problems of peace confron~ us
ith all their insistency.
Let us go forward with a full
sense of our responsibilities.
Let us go forward above all wi'tl~
the determination to produce a
scheme worthy of the men and
women of the United States who
are giving their all to make possible
the construction of a better world.
Ambassador Gromyko: ,
• . . I fully Share the thoughts
expressed by Secretary Hull in re-
gard to the importance of the pre-
sent discussions. The peoples of our
countries are waging a life-and-
death struggle against the worst
enemy of humanity--Hitlerite Ger-
many ....
Waging a Str~uggle for its freedom
and independence, the peoples of
our three great nations are also
saving the freedom and indepen-
dence of other freedom-loving peo-
ples of the world. As s result of
the combined efforts of the Allies,
our common foe--Nazi Germany~
is nearing its inevitable catastrophe.
Our brave warriors are squeezing
the enemy from the East, Wes~ and
South.
People Seek to Prevent War
As a result of the latest offen-
sive of the Red Army, military op-
erations are already being carried
to enemy soil. The time is not far
off when the combined effort's of
the freedom-loving countries of the
world, and, first of all, the efforts
of our nations, wil~ bring a com-
plete and decisive victory and will
force Nazi Germany to her knees.
In view of the heavy destruction
and countless sacrifices which the
present war has brought to human-
ity, the freedom-loving peoples of
the world are naturally looking for
means to prevent repatition of
similar tragedy in the future. They,
have shed too much blood and[
made too many sacrifices to be in-[
different to their future, i
G~ for l~eace [
That is why they are strivi~'xg to]
establish an international organi-~
zation which would be capable of[
By Youths Now in Jobs.
Chicago---If we do not wish an-
n .y ers e"" Gives
other "lost generation," such as the
youth who found' no work or place
awaiting them when they gra@uat-
l~t~lllUIJlll o,~tuul~"'~'"l";1;Z"';"" ed or left school during the depres-
sion, efforts must be made Row to
help the teenagers who are serv-
Plans In Speech oro oo,,oo
while their
older brothers and siters are in the
armed forces.
Denver--Maj. Gem Lewis B. Her- So Mrs. W. A. Hastings, Pre~-
shey, National Director of Selec- dent of the N~tiona~ Congress of
tive Service, tod~y forecast release Parents an@ Teachers, told the Am,-
of between 1,000.000 and 2,000,000 ericau Federation of Teachers meet-
men from the armed: services after ing here recently in their 28th an-
Germany falls, nual convention,
He enC~rsed the idea of "gradual Thei-e were teachers from some
demobilization" when all hostilities 300 school systems, representing
cease with Japan's d, efeat, but ad- practically every large city in the
mitted that it is "unpopular~be- United States.
cause when the war is over people "At least 3,000,000 boys and girls
want their boys to come home." from 14 through 17 have le~t
Discharge of a portion of Ameri- school for full-time employment,"
ca's fighzing men when the Nazis said Mrs. Hastings "When war
collapse will not be accomplished contracts end, thousands of these
"in one day." the draft chief cau- young folks will be without work.
tioned. An@ when their G. I. brothers re-
"If we let out 1,000 an hour, it turn, many of them will lose the
will still take 10 months to get rid jobs driving trucks, serving in
~of 2,000,000 to 2,500,000 men." he stores, and af factory benches. What
said. will their lot be dalring the two
General Hershey explained that or three years that economics tell
gradual demobilization is desirable us will be the difficult ones. when
because "we know that when the industry is reconverting to civilian
saturation point is reached, we good~?"
will not gain very much by putting Must Not Cheat Youth
men out where they can't be reab- There is a great clmllange to em-
sorbed." ployers, parent.s, and teachers, ~he
"We czn keep people in the Army declarec~ in persuading as many of
as cheaply as we could create an these young people as possible to
preventing a repetition of a similar agency for them when they are return to school this fall. The na-
tragedy, and of guaranteeing for out," he said. tion, quite as much as the yotm~
the peoples peace, security, and The General disclosed that Sel- people themselves cannot afford to
prosperity in the future. Members ective Service now is taking from let them be cheated out of an e~-
of such an organization can be. as 70,000 to 100,000 men a month and cation~war production need~ to
it is said in the four nations' de- he indica~d that the draft will the confxary notwithstanding.
claration signed at the Moscow continue to operate a~ this rate And for these young people who
Conference on October 3, 1943, and after Germany signs art armistice, for one reason or another cannot
big and small freedom-loving coun- General Hershey, on tour confer- be persuaded to return to school,
tries of the world .... ring with Selective Service offici- there must be ct~.mseliPg service to
It goes without saying that in ca-- als. will leave here late today for help them fit usefu:ly into their
der to maintain peace and security Chicago. communities when war jobs end,
it is not enough to have the mere she emi~hasized--either in new
desire to harness the agressor and DeadMarshal ~o~. in vocational training, or irt
the desire to apply force against finding n~w ways to complete their
him~ if it should be demanded by education. They, quRe as much as
circumstances. In order to guaran-BelievedR0mmel returning G. L brothers, will
tee peace and security it is absol- nee dsuch counseling, said M_rs.
.utely necessary to have resources Hastings, anc~ labor, industry edu-
with the aid of which agression A German field marshal who cation, and the community gener-
could be prevented or suppressed probably was Fielc~ Marsh~l Gen. ally, must combine to give ft.
and international order maintained. Erwin Romrnel diec~ of a fractured Far too many intelligent ~e
In the light of the above, it be- skull about 3 a. m. July lath in a who should know be~ter are shrug°
comes clear what responsibility haspital at Bernay near the Seine ging their shoulders and pointing
falls to the nations, members of River, the mayor of this town re- to labor shortages as an excuse for
the future security organization, ported today, consentirtg to teenagers staying out
and especially to the nations which The mayor, Mercel Lescene, is of school she declare&
bear the main brunt of the present also the druggist of Livavot and he
Vo~ A~lnst
war, and which possess the neces, was called to treat a German field Recently a busman, whose
sary resources and power to main- marshal for severe wounds receiv factory is making war goods~ and
tairt peace and security .... ed when his car was sent hurtling who hlre~ many teen-age boys a~
• The unity displayed by these coun- in~ a ditch a few miles from here girls this summer, talke~ to Mrs.
tries in the present struggle against by an Allied plane the afternoon of Hastings. Didn't she think if would
Hitlerite Germany and ~ts vassals July 17. All local evidence here be all right, he asked, to have 18
give ground for certainty that after tends to support the theory tha~ it n 17 year olds excused from high
final victory is acheivect these na- was Rommel, the erstwhile "desert school for a semester, so they
tions will co-operate in maintaining fox." coul~ cor~tinue to help i~ proctuc-
,peace and security In the future as Over our luncheon table in a ing war goods?
they are co-operatlng at the present little town off Livarot's cobb, led! Mrs. Hastings answered emapha-
time in saving humanity from en- streets, Mayor Lescene told me the]tically, "NoW "
slavement by the Fascls~ barbar- following story: I "You hear this all over the c~un-
inns. "On the 17th of July at 6 p. m. I try, in spots," she tol~ the federa-
In this noble striving our coun: left the mayor's office and at the tion, "and we can't let our youn~
tries naturally cannot but find sup- crossroads in frortt of the war people be cheated out of their ed.
port on the part of the other United memorial I saw a car containing ucation, If permitted, to stay out
Nations, big and small which will a tank officer who was very dis- one semester, it would be just that
be participants of the international traught He immediately jumped much harder for many of them to
out and asked me if the village go back to school Many Wouldn't
security organization, which will had a doctor, return at all. Those who did woul~
be based on the principle of the
sovereign equality of all freedom- "Half an hour Icier while we find it difficult if not intpossible, to
loving countries and which will still were in the care someone came "catch up."
bear joint responsibility for the and said a Gerrna~ officer and two As i~ is, she said. schools will
maintenance of peace, other people had been wounded, need, to alter teaching practices
The unity of the Allies displayed and that no doctor was available, somewhat, to meet the needs of
in the struggle against the common I decide@ to go myself, teen-agers returning from wRr Jobs
foe and their striving to maintain '"the officer l~y on a stretcher in with adult views beyor/~ their
the vestibule of the hospital and years.
peace in the future is a guarantee the Sisters were washing his face. John D. Coroners, National Di-
that the present exploratory dis-
cussions will bring positive re- I notice~ he was a general because ector of the Workers F~lucati~n
suits .... of the red tabs and broad' red Bureau of America, told ~ con-
I have no doubt that in the course stripes on his breeches and be. vention that ~e times the n~m-
of the present disct*ssions the re- cause of his high boots, ber of boys and girls i4 to i~ yea~
presentatives of the three natior.s "I noticed he hac~ a large open old were working full or part time
will conduct their work in a spirit wound above his left eye and was ia 1943, than in 1940, and the hUm-
of mutual understanding and in a bleeding from the ears. He was un- ber has grown. In addition, he said,
friendly atmosphere which cannot conscious. I sfarte& to bind his thousands of children under 14 ave
wounds and I told the officer he w6rkin$, for whom there l~ no
bUtof theaddd£scussions, to the successful outcome must be taken ~t once to a ho~pi- official count
tal where there was a d~ctor. I took Laws Not Observe
his pulse which was weak anct gave "Child are
Straw sheds to provide tempo- him two injections of efl~erated live~ up to,"
rary shel~er for most kinds of camphor. In daing so, I removed his
farm livestock have proved practi- wrist watch.
cal in North Dakota. Information '~I'ne commander of the local funds and too-srna~ staff&,
on building straw sheds for live-
garrison then had the seat removed Miss She
stock and poultry is available from his car and the wounde@ gen- university
from the NDAC Extension Service. eral was pla~ed in the car. Soldiers an instructor in Scotch
all said it was Rommel and repeet, cation and in
Likes GI Bill ed 'our marshal, our marshal.' forces, told of the program Gre~t
"At 2 a. m. an officer arrived, Britain has already set up to help
from the hospital where they had its'young people now in war pro-
t~ken the man and demanded to duction Jobs.
know what treatment I had given In 1939 a National Youth Com.
him- mittee was set Up in Englan@,
"Meanwhile the general's watch Miss Mackey, an