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Page 4
The North Dakota Game and Fish
Department will again participate in
Operation Dry Water as part of a na—
tionally coordinated effort to increase
knowledge about the dangers of boat-
ingunder the influence.
The goal is to reduce the number of
I accidents and deaths associated with
aloohol and drug use on state water-
ways. .
ODW weekend, July 2-4, is the na-
tional weekend of heightened enforce-‘
ment effortdirected atyboating under
the influence laws and recreational
boater outreach.
While informing and educating
. boaters about the hazards and negative
outcomes associated with boating
while under the influence of alcohol or
drugs is a year-round effort, on ODW
weekend the Game and Fish Depart-
ment’s game wardens will focus on
the water, informing boaters about
safe boating practices, and removing
impaired operators from the water.
Tips for staying safe on the water:
+ NEWS ~
Agency to be involved with boating sober effort
Boat sober alcohol use is the
leading contributing factor in recre-
ational boater deaths. Alcohol and
drug use impair a boater’s judgment,
balance, vision and reaction time.
Wear your life jacket —- 85% of
drowning victims nationWide were not
wearing a life ja’cket.
Take the online boating safety edu-
cation course— 71%; of deaths nation-
wide occurred 'on boats where the
operator had not received boating
safety instruction.
To regulate inthe last resort
Does Congress, under the Time,
Place and Manner Clause of the Con-
stitution, possess authority to “alter”
or otherwise override state laws gov-
erningthe conduct of congressional
elections?
That is the central constitutional
question at the heart of the hated po-
litical debate surrounding HR. 1 —
the “For the People Act” —- which
will determine whether Congress can
protect Americans’ voting rights that
have been, or will be, restricted by
the passage of some 60 state laws
across our nation.
What were the framers of the
Constitution thinking when they
‘wrote the Time, Place and Manner
Clause? Article 1,.Section 4, Clause
1 of the Constitution states: “The
Times, Places and Manner of hold—
ing Elections for Senators and Rep—1
resentatives, shall be prescribed in
each State by the Legislature thereof;
but the Congress may at any time by
Law make or alter such Regulations,
eXcept as to the Places of chusing
Senators.”
Alexander Hamilton, author of
Federalist No. 59, explained the
views, values and conclusions of his
fellow delegates to the Constitutional
Convention, when he stated that
Congress has the constitutional au—
thority “to regulate in the last resort
the election of its own members.” He
observed that in the entire Constitu-
tion, there is nothing “more com-
pletely defensible” than this
allocation of power, since “every
government ought to contain in itself
the means of its own preservation.”
. The theme of “self preservation”
was invoked again and again by the
framers of the Constitution, and by
those who approved it in the various
state ratifying conventions. The con-
cept of an “exclusive” state authority
to regulate congressional elections,
Hamilton explained, “would leave
the existence of the Union entirely at
their mercy.” State legislatures, he
observed, could “annihilate” it by ne-
glecting to provide for elections.
Jarnes‘Madison‘, Father of the
constitution: .shaLr‘éd Hamilton’s
deepest concerns; He told the. Con-
stitutional Convention that he feared
“uncontrolled” state authority to reg-
ulate elections. He warned that it was
‘ “impossible to foresee all the abuses
that might be made of the discre-
tionary power.” State legislatures
might make arbitrary, manipulative
decisions based on purely partisan
David Adler, The Alturas Institute
David Adler answers your Constitution questions.
Send them to this newspaper.
interests.
James Wilson, second in impor-
tance to Madison as an architect of
the Constitution, was in full agree-
ment and echoed Hamilton’s fear
that“‘some states might make no reg-
ulations” on elections, threatening
the very existence of Congress and
the dissolution of the Union.
Chief Justice Thomas McKean of
Pennsylvania, stirred additional fears
when he addressed colleagues in the
Pennsylvania State Ratifying Con—
vention. Congress, he stated, cannot
be deprived of its authority to regu-
late elections since that would deny
its authority to be “the judges of the
elections, returns and qualifications
of its own members.” Uncontrolled
state authority, moreover, might be
exercised to annul an “annual Con-
gress,” and destroy congressional
power to “determine that elections
shall be at convenient and suitable
times” and to “prevent corruption or
undue influence.”
For a Convention that was ani-
mated by the need to strengthen the
authority of the federal government
in the face of the abysmal perform-
ance of The Articles of Confedera—
tion, which exalted state over
national authority, the preservation of
Congress and its ultimate authority
to regulate “in the last resort” its own
elections, plumbed the depths of the
republican enterprise on which it had
embarked.
One measure of the founding gen-
eration’s understanding of the ulti-
mate constitutional authority wielded
by Congress in the regulation of elec-
tions may be seen in the acknowl—
edgment. of it by opponents of the
arrangement.
Elbridge Gerry, a framer from
Massachusetts, writing on October
10, 1787, under the title of “Federal
Farmer,” the most prominent series
of anti-Federalist papers, explained
the import of the Time, Place and
Manner Clause in a lawyerly and
moderate tone. Congress, he said,
has the power to “regulate elections.
Were it omitted, the regulations of
elections would be solely in the re—
spective states.”
Gerry’s concession was reiterated
in various anti—Federalist tracts. .
Abraham Holmes, also a mombel' 0f
the Massachusetts State Ratifying
Convention, was at pains to admit
that, by virtue of the Clause, the
power of choosing the time and man—
ner of “representatives is wholly at
the disposal of Congress.” Luther
Martin, a framer from Maryland who
campaigned against ratification of
the Constitution, agreed: the author-
ity over elections is “entirely left at
the mercy” of Congress.
Nearly 20 state legislatures, dom-
inated by Republicans, have passed,
or are considering passage, of
roughly 60 bills that will make it
much more difficult for minorities to
vote. The rationale —— “securing the
vote” — reflects their view, demon-
strably false, as we have seen, that
the 2020 election was rife with sig—
nificant fraud, which, in their estima-
tion, requires reform ‘measures to
protect the “integrity” of American
elections. Democrats, however, be-
lieve these measures represent an ex-
ercise in voter suppression.
The constitutional issue is one of
great moment for our nation. Voting
rights —— the hallmark of American
Democracy — must be preserved
lest our system melt into a form of
government unrecognizable in' our
history and law.
Readers may quarrel over the
issue of whether the “For the People
Act” is politically wise or desirable
from a policy standpoint or whether
it satisfies the needs of our democ-
racy. But there is no question that
Congress, as Hamilton, Madison and
the rest of the founders determined,
possesses the ultimate constitutional
authority to regulate the time and
manner of congressional elections.
Adler is president of The Alturas
Institute, created to advance Ameri-
can Democracy through promotion
of the Constitution, civic education,
equal protection and gender equality.
Send questions about the Consti—
tution to Dr. Adler at NDWTPCol—
umn_@ gmailcom and he will attempt
to answer them in subsequent
columns.
This column is provided by the
North Dakota Newspaper Associa-
tion and Humanities North Dakota.
Working in the garden with kids
By Carrie Knutson
NDSU ExtensionAgent
Grand Forks County
Do you have fond memories of
gardening?
._ Or- do you avoid anything to do
with gardening because of unpleas-
ant experiences, maybe related to
garden chores?
My gardening memories are
good: weeding on hot summer days
listening to my Walkman (yes, I am
that old), picking green beans and
harveSting sweet corn. The “rosy
glow” around my memories explains,
in part, why I work with' plants and
garden at home.
So whatare some ways to prevent
unpleasant gardening memories with
your kids or grandkids so they con—
tinue to garden as they grow?
«First, keep, in mind that kids will
take to gardening in different ways,
depending on their age and personal-
ities.
For example, preschoolers like to
explore things. Kids ages 5 to 8 like
to create, have their own ideas and
just do things no matter the result.
Don’t expect this age group to ac-
complish as much in terms of chores.
These. kids also might require close
supervision to prevent any gardening
disasters. Sometimes a garden fence
isn’t just to keep the rabbits out!
Nine- to 11-year-olds like to do
things. Have them make and design
plant markers or help build structures
such as fences or trellises. They work
best with smaller tasks given with
Dakota
Gardener
short, simple directions.
Give teenagers leadership roles in
gardening. Have them research
plants, plan the garden, and buy
seeds and plants. Help them choose
tasks in which they can succeed.
Second, remember when working
in the garden, time seems to pass at a
different rate for kids. They get hot,
thirsty and, frankly, bored more
quickly than adults.
Weeding is an unpopular task for
any gardener, so don’t be surprised if
kids don’t want to weed, either. En-
courage kids to do their share of gar—
den weeding. Try setting small,
obtainable goals for weeding. Have
them take care of one row or bed or a
certain number of weeds. Turn it into
a contest; the person with the most
weeds gets to water first.
Speaking of water, kids love play-
Please
suppon
your local
merchants
ing with water, but they can require
a lot of guidance to get water in the
right spot. Teach them how to water
correctly: water the soil and not the
leaves and how to check if plants
need water.
‘ Sometimes a hose can be hard to
manage for younger kids. Fill a large
bucket with water and let them scoOp
watervinto a smaller container they
can carry. For an example, a yogurt
cup and a gallon milk jug with the
top cut off.
Finally, focus on having fun and
not the work. Remember that involv-
ing kids in your gardening chores
likely will not reduce your work. In
fact, it might even increase the work.
But watching them enjoy the fresh
peas and tomatoes that they cared for
is well worth your efforts. Happy
gardening! ’
For more information about gar-
dening, contact your local NDSU Ex-
tension agent.
SHERIFF"
Mercer County Sheriff's Department is accepting applications
to establish a hiring list. Benefits include employer sponsored
BCBS health/dental/vision, life insurance, and NDPERS. Applicantl
must be a licensed peace officer in ND.
Applications can be obtained from the Mercer County
Sheriff's Department by calling (701) 745-3333.
Upon completion of application,
attach a cover letter and resume and return to:
_' Mercer County Sheriff, "Job Application",
P.O. Box 39. Stanton, ND 58571 .
WILLISTON — Fort Buford State
Historic Site will mark its role in the
Great Western Cattle Trail with free
public events June 26-27.
Visitors can participate in horse-
drawn carriage rides, musical per-
formances, and cowboy p0etry._A
commemorative obelisk and plaque
will be unveiled.
On June 26, the Long X Wagon
Train pulls into the Fort Buford
campground about 4 p.m., with a
campfire performance by cowboy
poet and singer Bob Petermann at 7
shown is a part of Fort Buford State Hisfnpz- 0:..- P.
State historic site to markro
.-
pm.
At 2 pm. on June 27, an obelisk
and plaque will be unveiled at the
Missouri-Yellowstone Confluence
Interpretive Center. Darrell Dorgan,
who heads the effort to mark the
North Dakota route of the cattle
trail, will welcome attendees.
Speakers include state Senate Ma-
jority Leader Rich Wardner, project
coordinator Jim Ozbun, State His-
torical Society of North Dakota Di-
rector Bill Peterson, and Sylvia
Mahoney, author of Finding the
June 24, 2021
Ie in cattle trail
Great Western Trail. All times are
in Central time.
The Great Western Cattle Trail,
which stretched from Mexico to
Canada, was the route north for mil-
lions of cattle and horses during the
18705-18905. The endpoint of the
trail’s eastern spur, Fort Buford, was
a grazing and distribution center with
animals sold from there. Obelisks
marking the cattle drive route have
been placed in several states. The
Fort Buford event marks the final
obelisk to be placed in North Dakota.
Site offering free Monday events
MEDORA Museum Mondays at
the Chateau de Morés State Historic
Site, Medora, will have guests enjoy—
ing a variety of activities, including
classic movie nights, game nights,
moonlight hikes, and more.
The programs are free and will
begin at 6 pm. unless indicated oth-
erwise. The schedule is subject to
change.
June 28: Moonlight Hike Thr0ugh
the Bottomlands. Begins at 8 pm.
Amber Waves
HEY DAD, WE HAD CAREER DAY
DAD...YOU TOLD ME
WHEN THE COWS LIE
DOWN THAT MEANS , '
IT '5 GONNA RAIN.
www.kingteatures.com
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l
AT FRST I WAS THllKlNG
AT SCHOOL TODAY. I’M TRYING CRIME-FIGHTNG SUPERHERO BUT
DECIDED THAT WAS Slll.Y.
SO WHAT‘S
THE DEAL
www.rfdconiic.weebly.com
July 5: Classic Movie Night
July 12: Bingo!
July 19: Family Game Night
July 26: Moonlight Hike through
the bottomlands. Begins at 8 pm.
August 2: Special Event. An-
nouncement coming soon.
August 9: Classic Movie Night
August 16: Bingo!
August 23: Moonlightmeike
through the bottomlands. Begins at 8
pm- . I . .. t...
H THI$ ?!
: E
'pamasai $114511 "v 'oul‘aieogpufis samwad Eur). Lzoao
YOU CAN BE ANYTHING YOU
WANT IT YOU APPLY YOURSELF,
STUDY AND WORK HARD.
August 30: Family Game Night
These programs are sponsored by
the Chateau de Morés State Historic
Site and the Friends of the Chateau
de Morés.
The Chateau de Mores is a state
historic site managed by the State
Historical Society of North Dakota.
The Chateau de Mores site and Inter—
pretive Center near Medora are open
daily, 8:30 a.m.-5:30 pm. MT,.from
May 31"through Lab'or’Day. v
by Dave T. Phipps
'.‘ STRONG WORK ETch” IS NOT
EXACTLY AT THE TOP OF THE LIST
FOR GOOD SUPERPOWERS.’
'paNaSSJ stqfiu "v 'ouI 'axeorpu/ls semleed fium Laoag
NO CLUE, JUNE.
APOCALYPSE
MAYBE...?
“an
"ESPECIALLY WHEN "
THE EVATOR l9
OUTLOF ORDER.
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