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Newspaper Archive of
Golden Valley News
Beach, North Dakota
April 11, 1935     Golden Valley News
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April 11, 1935
 
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CURRENT EVENTS PASS IN REVIEW JlU881A APPROVE8 THE 8ECURITY PACT PLAN BUT POLAND REMAIN8 ALOOF. By EDWARD W. PICKARD I, WImtera Newrpaper Uslon, .~GVIET Russia is ready to line up tJ with Great Britain. France and Italy In promoting the general Euro. l~mn security pact which Is the basis of England's plan for peace. This was brought out by the visit to Moscow of Capt. Anthony Eden. British lord privy seal. and his confer- ences with Dictator Josef Stalin and Max- im Litvinov, Soviet foreign commlssar. At'- cording to the Joint M. Lltvinov communique given the press, these states- men "were of the opinion that in the present International situation it is more than ever necessary to pursue the endeavor to promote the tmildlng up of • system of collective security in Eu- rope as contemplated in the Anglo- French communique of the third of February, and In conformity with the principles of the League of Nations." It was made clear that Germany and Poland would be welcome to enter the arrangement, but that It would go ahead even without them. Captain Eden then went on to War- saw to talk things over with the Poles; and even as he was departing from MoJ~ow the Soviet press launched an- other fierce attack on Germany. Michael Tnkhachevaky, vice commissar for defense, in an article in the news- paper Pravda, declared Germany would have an army of 849,000 by the sum- mar, exceeding the French army by 40 per cent and almost equaling the Soviet army in size. He charged Hitler with "lulling France to sleep" with anti-Soviet war talk in the hope France would not s, earfse her own peril Tukhaebevsky's view that Germany eontemplates attacking France was supported by ao authorized article in the weekly /ournnl de Moscou wbich asserted the leaders of the reich reat- tsed "the exceptional risk to which Ger- many would subject herself by invasion of the tremendous territories of the U. 8. S. R.---a counu'y lmeaessing powerful armaments and unlimited opportunities for improving and increasing these armaments." "It is almost probable," the Journal said, "that under certain Circumstances ~I~ will prefer ether acids of a~- ~on, and an Intensified revision of the map of Eurepe will be Karted not In the east but In the west," ]pOLAND appears to have decided to Apiay St lone hand In the European embrogilo, though she remains friend- ly to Germany. It is reported that Captain Eden's visit to Warsaw was as disapl~inting as was that of Sir John Simon to Berlin. The Polish government is determined to sign no lmet that would commit the nation te figtR for Russia against Germany or for Germany against Russia and France. nor will it permit either Ger- man or Russian troops to be trans- parted across Poland. The Polish statesmen say they will sign a series of bilateral pacts, and will go as far as any other nation In parallel disar- mament. They assert that they have I~o alliance with Germany, though their mutual troubles have been settled for the next ten years, and that the alli- ance with France still holds good. FROM Tokyo there came a state. meat indicating that Japan would give at least moral mlppert to the European powers that are seeking sgrenments to coun- teract Hitler's move for the re-armament of Gernmny. It was given out by 191it A~au, the frequently quot~l spokesman for the foreign office. He enid Japan will hold aloof from the guru. penn crisis and that there would be no far mtstern Locarno pact, but that "we cannot EtJi Aman think of any alliance with Germany." ~fokyo, asserted Amau, is ready to dia- l, ms with Russia some degree of de- militarization of the eastern frontiers. NINETEEN cardinals met with Pope Plus in a secret consis- tory; and to them he delivered an am. Ifltafle denuneJatlou of war, which, be mud, "would be so enormous a crime, so foolish a manifestation of fury, we believe it absolutely lmpesslble." If, however, there is someone who Wishes fo t~mmit "this nefarious crime," then. the holy father said, he could do nulL. |ug else than pray to God to "destroy those people who desire war." At this memenc, he continued, the "clamor of war is universally and the mmN of agitation to s arouses King YlIl,a , and Bishop FiSher of gngisnd, who ~ their beads for eppestag HemT,s msrrisp to ~une tern, the ms~lority in the house refuseu to 8¢cept the restrictiens tn~ected in the work relis~ bill and sent it hank to conference to have these remove(L The restrietiens objectionable to the administration were those requirinB senate confirmation of administratiV4k officers of the program and that ia loans and grants te states at least nn~ third of the money should he expended for direct labor. The latter require- ment, according to Secretary Ickes and others, would result In the exclusion of rural electrification, slum clearane~ and similar projects. Defending the move to send the bill back to conference, Buchanan of Geor. gin said: "The President is assumlu8 rceponslbllity. All we ask is to give him a bill that he can work on in shift- ing from dole to employment." In replying to Buchanan, Represent. atlve Robert Bacon (Rap., N. Y.) con- tended that the labor provision was needed In order to "klck out pet local projects" and afford as much dlrecq relief of unemployment as possible. "Congress has reached a pretty low ebb," declar~d Minority Leader Bar. trand Snell (Rap., N. Y.). "when ii can't even pass on s conference raper| without receiving orders from thf Chief Executive." STANLEY REED, the new solicitor general, obtained from the Suprems court permission to dismiss the govern. manta appeal In the Belcher lumbe| code case. Therefore there probablJ will he no decision as to the constitu. tionnlity of the national industrial re covery act by the chief tribunal baler, congress takes action on the bill to ex tend the recovery law. Belcher was indicted for violetinl the hour and wage provisions of th~ lumber code but Judge W. I. Grubt of the Federal District court In Bir. mingham held against the government The indictment was dismissed. Grubt ruled the NRA law unconstitutional The government appealed to the Su. prams court in an effort to expedite the decision. R EPLAC]gMENT of the AAA's sys- tem of crop control Is seen as a future petentiailty of a new organlsa- tiou established at the Department of Agriculture under Rex- ford G. TugwelL The organization consoli- dates federal agencies dealing with soil ere- glen, and Tugweil is expected to direct the expenditure of about s billion dollars in pub- lic works funds on the public laud program. At present plans call for retirement of mil- R. G. Tugwell lions of acres of mar- ginal lands now contributing to sur- pluses, which experts contend will prove a more effective way of dealing with overln~luction than AA~'s poU¢7 of taxing commodities for anrea~ slanhe& The latter is meeting in- creased opposltioa, due to rifting living costs and increasing competition from foreign power& There will prob- ably be little immediate change In erop control plans, since the Tugweil pro- gram will require considerable time be fore it can be operated effectively. FOR the second time the United States Supreme court reversed the convictions and death sentences of two of the Scott~hero negroes who were ae- c~ed of assault on two white girls. The court held that since negroes in Alabama are not permitted to serve on Juries, they are denied "equal pro- tection ef the laws" in violation of the Fourteenth amendment. It declared the state court erred In not quashing the indictments. This was a big vlctory for the col- ored race, bur In another decision by the Supreme court the negroes were the losers. The tribunal ruled that the Democratic party In Texas Is s voluntary association, not subject to control by the state legislature, and as such may exclude colored persons from voting In its primaries. THROU~tH the efforts of Donald Richberg, chairman of the NIRB, an agreement was reached by the bituminous coal operators and the United Mine Workers. whereby the prevailing coal code Is extended to June 16 and a threatened strike of about half a million miners averted. The present wages and hours of work are continued. President Lewis of the miners Insisted the union had not yielded to the operators; but the fact remained that if It had not consented to the agreement Mr. Riehberg could and would have extended the code by executive order. This would have placed the union in the undesired po- sition of opposing and defying the ad- ministration, and would have weakened ~he effect of its advocacy of the Wag- ner labor disputes bill the BlackoCon. nor7 bill and the Gully bill which would virtually convert the bituminous anal Industry Into a public utility. T~ERE were further dust storm8 in the already severely afflicted pla- teau "district of southwest Kansas, southeast Colorado and parts of New Mexico, Texas and Oklahoma. In west- ern Kansas the farmers began the con-. atruetlon of earthen breastworks against the wind. and a federal appro- priation of $250,000,000 for this work was received. Fears that the dust storms would caase an epldem~ of p neumonla were allayed when It was foead that there were no germs of that dlNa~ on lnbenttor/ plated exposed In the dust-filled atmosphere bY avt- stm~ F ~mrL THE BEACH VIBW WHEN the Dllnoia legislature, at the behest of Governor Heraer and the federal administration, passed a state recovery ant the New Dealers balled this as an example that all States should follow. Now County Judge Homer W. Hall at Bloomington has held that the act Is unconstitution- al. He also declared the national auto- mobile node Inoperative as applied to Illinois. Under the state recovery act, the Judge remarked, an unlawful delega- tion of the authority of the state leg- islature has brought about a situa- tion whereby violations of the state act can be prosecuted by the state only through the sanction and by the authority of the federal director of codes. "Delegated authority may not he redelegated," the Judge said. "Author- lty delegated by the people to the leg- islature permitting the making of laws may not be redeiegated by the legis- lature to communities, bureaus, node authorities or executives, allowing these agencies to make rules with the effect of laws. the violation of which makes the individual amenable to the criminal statutes." CRinF~tTION of a new relief bureau New York was demanded by Bernard S. Deutsch, president of the board of aldermen, whe asserted that twenty millions of dollars a year in relief funds has been wasted through the Incompetency, red tape, bureaut~ racy, and the domination by prefes- slonnl social service workers of the emergency relief bureau and the state temporary emergency relief adminis- tration. BELGIUM'S new deal program, de- rived from President RoosevelCs policies, was launched by the young premier, Paul Van 7~eland. and he was given an overwhelming vote of confidence by the senate and chamber of deputies. The effect of going off the gold standard already is belng felt, for prices of food staples are going up. The government warned traders that any Undue Increases In prises would he punished severely. Premier Van Zealand said: "I am a keen admirer of President Roosevelt, who obtained essential re- sulfa mainly In allowing his count~ to work In peace. He certainly com- mitted errors. Had he based his pro- gram of economic expansion upon gold the world crisis would be ended now. But I apply those Rooseveltian meas- ures to Belgium which I consider good." INVESTIGATION of the administra- tion of the Virgin islands by Oov. Paul Pearson was ordered by the son. ate, five of whose members will can. duct the inquiry. The sum of $12,000 was appropriated to cover their ex- penmm, Pearson is a holdover from the Hoover administration and o~A~ge8 agalnst him were ~ade by Paul Yates, formerly his administrative assistant. DIRECT negotiations with Italy over the herder dispute were broken off by the EthloPhm government. which sent a new note to the League of Nations. Special measures were ~aken to protect foreigners in Addls Ababa. The Italian government did not take this rupture seriously, still hoping a peaceful arrangement might be reached without the intervention of the league. It was reported in Paris that most of the Italian troops that started for Eritrea and Itallan'somall- land have been diverted to Rhodes and Libya because of Germany's sud- den rearmament plan. FOREIGN SECRETARY SIMON re- turned to England from hie his- torte talks with Chaneellor Hitler, and reported to the cabinet that Germany te seeking return of the colonies she lost in the war and a greatly increased navy. He said that Hitler ad- mits Germany's air force equals that of Britain. Prime Minis- tcr MacDonald then called on King George to whom he gave a preliminary report of Simon's talks, which ChanoelJor have been described Hitler as "disappointing." Hitler made a held play for AJ~gio-Ger- man understanding, declaring both na- tions should unite to defend western civilization against Communism and the colored races. Briefly, his demands" were: First--Germany must have an army with a minimum of 36 divisions--~00,- 000 men--as decreed. Second--Germany wants parity in the air with Britain. Hitler admitted that Germany now possesses equality with Britain. Hitler stressed the dan- get to which Germa0y is exposed In the all'. He declared that Russia Is using C=echoslovskla as a European air base. He demanded return of certain C~ho- slovakian territory and repatriation of 3.500,000 German residents there. Third--Hitler wants s navy equal to one-third of the British fleet, which Is tantamount to 400.000 tons. The Brit- lab admiralty is opposed to such a ra- tio and Germany has been Invited to bilateral naval discussions in London. Fonrth--C~rmany wants return of her former ~ColonleL Llt~ encourage- ment ~was given Hitler on this score, Fifth---Hitler refused to have any- tiring to do with an muatern pact, though he is willing to enter nonag- I~ee t~ 811 pewet~ Washington. -- President Roosevelt has gubmlfted to congress a list of tht legislation h e Lays Out Work deems neces- for Congre~ sary to have passed before the present session adjourns. He has divided it Into two categories---"must" and desirable. If congress enacts only the list of "must" legislation and passes over the other group of bills which the Presldent considers desir- able, it is made to appear that the membership of the house and senate Is due to suffer some of the torrid temperature and the uncomfortable humidlty of a Washington summer. The President said he must have legis- lation extending the National Recovery administration, providing social se- curity, eliminating public utility held- ing compemes, Increasing the loaning power of the Home Owners Loan carper. ation, extension of the so-Called nuisance taxes which expire by limitation of law on June 30, nnd reviston of the banking laws. In addition, the President made known that he would like to have en- acted legislation to take the profits out of war, whatever that may mean. He previously had sent a message asking enactment of a law providing for expansion of the American merehant marine through the use of ship sub- sidles, and he also desires to have en- acted legislation setting up machinery for the settlement of labor disputes. This legislaUen is in the congressional hopper in the form of a bill by Senator Wagner, ef New York. The President would like to have amendments to the agricultural ad- Justment act in order to eliminate some of the weaknesses whlch the AAA peo- ple admit exist. The airmail contract situation is another matter with which Mr. Roosevelt has been concerned. Seasoned observers recognize that this list of ~must" legislation, not to mention the desired legislation, is suf- ficient to keep congress grinding away far into the summer. They recognize likewise that ff the desired legislation later becomes of such concern that the President wants to place it on the pre: ferred list as well the membership of congress must be prepared to forego summer trips of any kind. • • • Since a good many members of congress have grown tired of being called rubber stamps Pa~8 att for the admlnistra- Their Own t~en, they naturally have turned atten- ton te legislation which they think will be helpful to their own bailiwicks. to themselves personally or from a party standpelnt. Thus there have been promoted numerous pieces of legisla- tion for whlch some individual& at least, entertain greater fervor than they do for measures that were drafted by President Roosevelt's official family and transmitted te congress as ad- ministration legislation. It is the general observation that an in- dividual representative, or senator frequently will ge much further In figittlng for legislation that is his own braln child than for legislation placed before him on n sliver platter such as administration proposals have been. Consequently, individual or group measures are constantly clut- tering up house and senate legislative calendars. This is a factor meanin~ delay for administration bills. It Is to be remembered, as has been reported In these columns, that Mr. Roosevelt is unable to ward off criti- cism of some of his proposals. In- deed, there have been Democratic criti- cisms and Democratic opposition to a greater or lesser degree to all of the legislation he has proposed ~nce son- tress convened last January. All of which Is by way of saying that son- grass fanes weeks of committee work and floor debate despite the fact that the house Democratic leaders still re- tain rather solid control of n sufficient maJo~ity in the .lower house of con- gress to drive through any pet mess- ares for the administration. In the senate the situation is decidedly dif- ferent. Included In the legislation being fos- tered by Individual members is the bill that would permit cabinet officers to appear on the floors of congress for questioning and explanation, such as occurs under the British and French parliamentary systems. The adminis- tration does not want this bilL It will have to exert some pressure to avoid pas~e. The reason is that the Roose- velt administration Is no longer one in which the cabinet is dominant. Cab- Inet o~cers are only part of the scheme, and if congress wanted to in- quire about the handling of relief money, which it probably will desire, it must talk with Administrator Hopkins. Mr. Hopkins is net in the cabinet The same is true of NRA and to some extent to the JLKk, although Secretary Wallace of the Department of Agrlcul- tare theoretically is a superior, officer to Administrator Davis. The ad- ministrator Is definitely opposed te the passage of beaus legislation for the former soldler~ eallot~ and marines and It looks like a l~mlddential veto will be meeseary there. The same is tl~e Of lltfllttimml~ proposals of which there are many. The ~Jtuation is one, tberofore, tn which'Mr. Rousoveit mum :~.ommmtty m ~ ~te~mat ~acUa wMeh be &ms not wa~ as pressure to put through the legislation he has described as necessary. Thus it 1~ seen he is confronted with many complications which did not disturb him in the first two sessions of New Deal congresses and these complica- tions mean a longer life for the cur- rent session. • $ * Let us examine the status of the legislation which the President sa|d must be passed. The ~ome "~u~f" outlook is something Legislation like this: The extension of the /~'ationai Recovery administration is still far off. Senate hearings are Just ended and the house is still fur- thor behind. No action can he expect- ed in either body for several weeks. The present law expires June 16. Recently Mr. Roosevelt sent to con- grass a very bitter message denounc- ing public utility holding companies and demanding legislation eliminating them from our economic structure. The house committee considering this legis- lation is Just winding up Its hearings and the senate committee which will have Jurisdiction has taken no action at alL It must be said that a hard fight is In prospect if and when this legislation reaches the stage of de- bate because investors in these com- panies are not going to hays their equi- ties destroyed while they sit ddly by. These investors are doing more now than Just making faces at congress and the volume of letters which members are receiving in opposition to the hold- Ing companies legislation transcends anything that ever has happened in the memory of this correspondent. The banking legislation which Mr. Roosevelt has prpposed, or which was proposed for him by Governor Eccles, the New Deal and radical governor of the federal reserve board is faced with opposition equally as bitter and as well organized as that confronting the holding companies bill. Perhaps It can be said that opposition to the banking legislation is even stranger because In tha~ fight the Presldent will be opposed by Senator Carter Glass of Virginia, who must be regard- ed as the most virulent of all the Dem- ocrats in the senate. The house bank- ing committee has about done Its Job with hearings on this bill bul: the sen- ate committee where the full force of the Glass opposition will he felt has not even set a date for committee con- sideratlon. The social seeurlty bill about wlfleh Mr. Roosevei~ has done much talking, because It Is distinctly a reform meas- ure, has finally been redrafted in the house while senate leadership is un- able to get together on any pelicy respecting it. Some senators want to split up this bill and pass the section providing for old age pensions, allow- ing the other parts of the bill to die a slow death. The legislation to increase by $1,750,- 000,000 the loaning power~f the Home Owners Loan corporation probably will get through the senate without much more ado. The house passed the hi!l because it could not do otherwise with Individual members reaIIzlng that there was a chance that some of this money would go into their particular distrlcts. Included In thls bill Is a line that promlses n good many hun- dred Jobs for politicians and If Is nat- ural that the party in power is not going to overlook this posslbillty. There remains on the "must" llst, then, only the proposal to extend the nuisance ~es which expire at the end of June. It is probable that the bulk of these levies will be accepted by congress as necessary. • • • One cannot fail, In tramping around Washington these days, to note the fre- quent expresslens About the concerning the out- Future look for the New Deal and for Presi- dent Roosevelt's personal political /'11- ture. In fact, some hardboiled ob- servers lately have been heard to say that Mr. Roosevelt Is suffering from too much ballyhoO. He was puC up on a pedestal that made of him in the eyes of many persons something of a superman. He himself is regarded as having contributed to this condlUou by his many campaign promises, some of whlch he has found absolutely Im- practical as remedies In leading the country out of the morasses and on to a more satisfactory economic plain. In truth, the President's own political colleagues have continned~, to depict hLm as an individual capable of thlnga which no human can 8ecompllsil and this combInation of circumstances is declared by many keen minded perseus as Ukeiy to bring, if indeed It has net already brought, a definitely bad po. llticai reaction from the President's standpoint. It is still fresh in the minds of men and women throughout the country how President Hoover was over-adver- tised as a superior person In an ad- mlnlstrative way. Mr. Hoover suffered from too much ~tmttyhoo to nn extent greater than any other man who has served Im President with the possible exception of Woodrow Wilson. When tim dopt~mden came and the currant turned sgatust Mr. Hoover he was powerleSS. With a recaleitrlmt emlp'eu oa hb hands mad a dlssa~s- people, Mr. Hoover met the htto that must have ~ expected. 4k wmtom Mowag6p~ unhm. "QUOTE CURRENT TOPICS NATIONAL CHARACI By JACOB EL RUBIN Wisconsin Writer. WITH 250 million enrolled under mcntation of body and find dictatorship challenging cratlc forms of government. here in the United States there some people who seek • and regimentation. There can freedom of speech, of press, or dividual initiative in such Mussolini is trying to make baiter place for Italians and strLving to arouse the national of the German people. But Stalin his doctrines are international scope. They say that • world eap~tallst and half communist exist Through propaganda they waging an actual war upon Institutions. Cl RCU MSTANTIAL By HOMER J~ CUMMINGJ U, 8. Attorney General. I~T me give an example o|~ contention that tial evidence can be more sire than direct testimony unde~~ tain conditions. Assume that light fall of snow in the the morning an animal passes ground near a house. Hours expert can tell by examining the i prints whether the animal was bit, opossum or fox. Assume, on the other three men standIng at a half-light of dawn saw that pass. The chances are that no them would agree as to the animal they saw. The timony would be much less than that ef the expert saw the animaL BASIS FOR" CONSTITUTION By A. A. BERL~, JR. New York Lawyer THE only force which can set the Constitution is a bination of stupidity and esty. It is interesting to note Supreme court, although slmrply on the legal issues, could to a unanimous conclnslan on sue, and that the issue of tal honesty. There was no constitutional be dishonest. There Is a power to be se, inherent in t~ existence of sovereignty. tlon~ can avoid this. If ene ma~ the conclnslon, It Is that way the tide goes, whether to or to the right, If the result inherent Integrity, the ~tands up; otherwise, it does nor. BORAH'$ PLAN By DONALD 11. RICHBER~ NRA Omelal SENATOR ~)RAIt'$ scrap all of the NI~ minimum wages, maximum and the prohibition of chh~ what the most reactienar~ tie rulers of big business have urging privately and llcly for several months. Under this program the consumer, and small business he stripped of any real against unfair competition. will flourish, unemployment crease, farm prices and wages fall and relief burdens will rise. 8HIP 8U BaiDIE8 By BENN BARBER Admiralty Couusel. ANOTHER mileage must be devised to the demonstrated faults present system. With the statistical Information at hand practical operation of vessels since the war, a measure can certainly be It is suggested that the on each direct route shall be 17 eemputed and reduced to a figure and that this mileage averaged on all direct routes this average be the VALUE OF DI8CIPLINIg By DR. ERNES~ M, President of Dartmouth, IAM not interested in training from the point of preparedness for war, but~ very much interested in It as Jt ing in discipline, wblch is the uable thing a young man can feel personally in regard to the work, which I understand baJ somewhat successful, that it more beneficial to the public if it were more definitely military regime; that Is to disciplinary requirement& CONFIDENCE NEEDED By HARRY F. BYRD U. B. Senator From RECOVERY must be on confidence, for confidence capital will not and without new capital noss will not expand. There lg of ~pital avaliabla, but is 18cktl~. The preep~tr7 ~ and tmaneu man.